Why Do Cats Lick Their Fur? How to Stop Your Cat from Licking Too Much

Cats lick their fur mainly to keep it clean and shiny. Their tongues are uniquely designed with tiny, hook-like barbs that help them brush away loose fur and dirt. However, these barbs can sometimes trap fur, which cats end up swallowing, potentially leading to hairballs in their stomachs.

Here are six reasons why cats frequently lick their fur:

1. To Clean Their Fur

Cats lick their fur to remove dirt and maintain the health of their coat. This grooming behavior helps them protect their fur and regulate their body temperature. According to Professor James Hare from the University of Manitoba, while all animals have a need for cleanliness, not all do it as meticulously as cats. Unlike dogs, who might roll in dirt, cats are meticulous groomers. Additionally, as noted by Wikipedia, cats lick their fur to absorb vitamin D from the sun, which their fur helps synthesize.

2. To Cool Down

Cats use licking as a way to adjust their body temperature. Unlike humans, cats don't sweat to cool off. Instead, when they lick their fur, the evaporation of saliva helps lower their body temperature. In cooler weather, licking fluffs up their fur, creating a natural insulation layer to keep them warm.

3. To Remove Odors

Cats lick their fur to eliminate unfamiliar smells and keep their coats fresh. With a sense of smell 14 times more acute than humans, cats are very sensitive to odors. Their grooming helps them get rid of any unwanted smells and reduce the chances of attracting potential threats, as discussed in The Indian Journal of Veterinary Science.

4. To Show Affection

Grooming is not only about cleanliness but also about bonding. Cats often lick each other or their owners as a sign of affection and to strengthen social bonds. This behavior starts when kittens are licked by their mothers and continues into adulthood as a gesture of friendship and trust.

5. To Relieve Stress

Licking can also help cats relax. When they groom themselves, their bodies release oxytocin, a hormone that promotes a sense of calm and relaxation. This behavior can be similar to how humans feel comforted by gentle touches or caresses. Additionally, focusing on grooming can help cats momentarily forget stress or anxiety.

6. To Address Skin Issues

Excessive licking can indicate skin problems, such as allergies or infections. If a cat licks excessively in one area, it might have a skin issue, such as a rash or irritation. Excessive grooming can lead to hair loss, skin sores, or even infections.

Should You Allow Your Cat to Lick You?

It’s best to limit direct licking from your cat, as their mouths contain bacteria that could be harmful, especially if you have open wounds. Additionally, if you've recently applied creams or medications, you should prevent your cat from licking those areas, as ingestion could be harmful to them.

How to Prevent Excessive Licking

1. Redirect Attention

If your cat starts licking excessively, distract them with a toy or engage them in a different activity to break the cycle.

2. Ignore Unwanted Behavior

If distraction doesn’t work, ignore your cat until they stop licking. This helps them learn that licking will not get them the attention they might be seeking.

3. Reinforce Positive Behavior

When your cat stops licking, reward them with praise or treats. This positive reinforcement encourages them to continue behaving in a desirable manner.

Excessive Licking and How to Manage It

1. Signs of Excessive Licking

Look out for signs such as bald patches, thinning fur, or skin lesions. These can indicate that your cat is grooming too much in specific areas.

2. Causes of Excessive Licking

Excessive licking can be due to various factors including allergies, neurological disorders, psychological issues, or stress. Changes in the household or external irritants like flea bites can also trigger this behavior.

3. How to Address Excessive Licking

   • Use an E-Collar: An Elizabethan collar can prevent your cat from accessing areas they are over-grooming, protecting their fur and skin.
   • Apply Stress-Relief Sprays: Products like Feliway Classic can help alleviate stress by mimicking calming pheromones, creating a more comfortable environment for your cat.

Conclusion

While grooming is a natural behavior for cats, excessive licking can signal underlying issues. Understanding why cats lick their fur and how to manage excessive licking can help ensure your feline friend remains healthy and happy.